This notice comes from Tim Poole, Species at Risk Biologist, Habitat and Endangered Species Section, Wildlife, Fisheries and Resource Enforcement Branch, Agriculture and Resource Development.
The Chimney Swift is listed as threatened by the Manitoba Endangered Species and Ecosystems Act (ESEA) and the federal Species at Risk Act (SARA). For many years, the Selkirk Mental Health Centre has been one of the primary sites in Manitoba for roosting Chimney Swifts. The Powerhouse chimney, also known as the large stack, has supported large numbers of roosting swifts, the highest recorded number being 61 in 2009.
Unfortunately, this landmark swift roost had become a public safety hazard. Bricks were beginning to come loose and fall 120 feet to the ground below. In addition, two other derelict buildings on the site also support chimneys used by Chimney Swifts. The Province of Manitoba through the Department of Central Services owns and manages these buildings and commissioned formal surveys by structural engineers to address the ongoing safety issues. These surveys confirmed the worst, and it was immediately apparent that retention of all there chimneys would not be possible. Fortunately, staff from Central Services were aware of the Chimney Swifts and approached biologists from the Wildlife, Fisheries and Resource Enforcement Branch, part of Manitoba Agriculture and Resource Development, to assist with producing a mitigation plan for the site. This would ensure that the provincial government were compliant with their own legislation. Additional support and advice came from members of the Manitoba Chimney Swift Initiative and the Canadian Wildlife Service who assisted with ensuring the province were compliant with their legislation. These partners have previously collaborated on projects to mitigate loss of Chimney Swift habitat, culminating in the successful breeding tower at Assiniboine Park Zoo (see https://www.mbchimneyswift.com/Documents/FirstUseMB.pdf).
The mitigation strategy identified that for every chimney lost, there would need to be two replacement structures provided. The higher ratio reflects the lost of such an important chimney in this area and the uncertainties that surround which site a swift might select as replacement habitat. Four structures are now either built or in the process of being built, and two will be added at a later date. This allowed for the Minister of Agriculture and Resource Development to provide an exemption under ESEA for the removal of the habitat, and for the federal government to provide a permit for the same work. The Powerhouse chimney was demolished in April 2021 before the swifts returned and the mitigation plan was implemented so that the first two structures were in place in the same period.
The first two structures are free-standing towers, based on the prototype now standing at Assiniboine Park Zoo. The first of these can be seen from Manitoba Avenue in Selkirk, being located on the grass adjacent to the Red River College building. The second is further east within the campus. Another chimney is being built on the side of the Red River building, creating a hub of sites, with there being an existing chimney on this building and the first tower adjacent. A fourth structure will be a free-standing tower. This will be constructed on the cement pad remaining from the now demolished Powerhouse chimney.
Chimney Swifts are returning to Manitoba following their long migration from their winter home in South America. Provincial biologists are working with the Manitoba Chimney Swift Initiative and the Selkirk Birdwatchers Club to monitor these new towers. The great news is that Gerald Machnee from the Selkirk Birdwatchers Club has documented a swift entering the eastern tower on two separate occasions, the last time on May 24th. Thus far, we are still awaiting first confirmed use in the other two completed structures. We will continue to monitor all three towers, plus the other brick chimneys on this site, and hope that it will not be long until we record swifts using all the available habitat!
–Tim Poole